John Hollander (1929-2013)Poète et critique américain. Né à New York en 1919. Il a écrit près d'une vingtaine de volumes de poésie, une dizaine de volumes de critiques littéraires et a édité plusieurs anthologies importantes. Il a également rédigé des livres pour enfants et collaboré à des oeuvres lyriques avec des composeurs tels que Milton Babbitt, George Perle, et Hugo Weisgall.
Hollander a remporté plusieurs prix et récompenses honorifiques, dont le Bollingen Prize, le Levinson Prize, le MLA Shaughnessy Medal. Il est actuellement professeur de littérature anglaise à Yale.
Even on clear nights, lead the most supple children
Out onto hilltops, and by no means will
They make it out. Neither the gruff round image
From a remembered page nor the uncertain
Finger tracing that image out can manage
To mark the lines of what ought to be there,
Passing through certain bounding stars, until
The whole massive expanse of bear appear
Swinging, across the ecliptic ; and, although
The littlest ones say nothing, others respond,
Making us thankful in varying degrees
For what we would have shown them. "'T'here it is !"
"I see it now !" Even "Very like a bear !"
Would make us grateful. Because there is no bear
We blame our memory of the picture : trudging
Up the dark, starlit path, stooping to clutch
An anxious hand, perhaps the outline faded
Then ; perhaps could we have retained the thing
In mind ourselves, with it we might have staged
Something convincing. We easily forget
The huge, clear, homely dipper that is such
An event to reckon with, an object set
Across the space the bear should occupy;
But even so, the trouble lies in pointing
At any stars. For one's own finger aims
Always elsewhere: the man beside one seems
Never to get the point. "No ! The bright star
Just above my fingertip." The star,
Will never be the intended one. To bring
Another's eye to bear in such a fashion
On any single star seems to require
Something very like a constellation
That both habitually see at night ;
Not in the stars themselves, but in among
Their scatter, perhaps, some old familiar sight
Is always there to take a bearing from.
And if the smallest child of all should cry
Out on the wet, black grass because he sees
Nothing but stars, though claiming that there is
Some bear not there that frightens him, we need
Only reflect that we ourselves have need
Of what is fearful (being really nothing)
With which to find our way about the path
That leads back down the hill again, and with
Which to enable the older children standing
By us to follow what we mean by "This
Star," "That one," or "The other one beyond it."
But what of the tiny, scared ones ? -- Such a bear,
Who needs it ? We can still make do with both
The dipper that we always knew was there
And the bright, simple shapes that suddenly
Emerge on certain nights. To understand
'I'he signs that stars compose, we need depend
Only on stars that are entirely there
And the apparent space between them. There
Never need be lines between them, puzzling
Our sense of what is what. What a star does
Is never to surprise us as it covers
'I'he center of its patch of darkness, sparkling
Always, a point in one of many figures.
One solitary star would be quite useless,
A frigid conjecture, true but trifling;
And any single sign is meaningless
If unnecessary. Crab, bull, and ram,
Or frosty, irregular polygons of our own
Devising, or finally the Great Dark Bear
'I'hat we can never quite believe is there -
Having the others, any one of them
Can be dispensed with. The bear, of all of them,
Is somehow most like any one, taken
At random, in that we always tend to say
That just because it might be there ; because
Some Ancients really traced it out, a broken
And complicated line, webbing bright stars
And fainter ones together; because a bear
Habitually appeared -- then even by day
It is for us a thing that should be there.
We should not want to train ourselves to see it.
The world is everything that happens to
Be true. The stars at night seem to suggest
The shapes of what might be. If it were best,
Even, to have it there (such a great bear !
All hung with stars !), there still would be no bear.John Hollander, 1958, dans Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry (1988)
Références :
- Academy of American Poets - John Hollander : https://poets.org/poet/john-hollander
- Poetry Foundation - John Hollander : https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/john-hollander
- Poem Hunter - John Hollander : https://www.poemhunter.com/john-hollander/
Oeuvres poétiques :
- A Crackling of Thorns (1958)
- Types of Shape (1969)
- Spectral Emanations (1978)
- Powers of Thirteen (1983)
- Harp Lake (1988)
- Selected Poetry (1993)
- Tesserae (1993)
- The Figurehead (1999)
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